Amys bread case study Essay

1. Who are the fundamental players (name and position)? The principle Player in this is Amy Scherber and she is the supervisor and proprietor. Another principle character is Toy Kim Dupree and he is Amy’s partner administrator. 2. In what business or organizations and industry or ventures is the organization working? Amy’s bread is in the matter of selling bread items both discount and retail. They sell basically to excellent cafés, lodgings and food shops. 3. What are the issues and issues confronting the organization? (Sort them by significance and desperation.) It is difficult to make a huge benefit in light of the fact that Amy pays her representatives a higher sum then the different business in her field. She additionally needs to representative around four fold the number of workers to finish a similar activity because of the escalation gave on each clump of bread. The organization is additionally battling with shrivel to extend or sit tight with their business. 4. What is the essential issue for the organization/association for this situation? The essential issue for this situation is the possibility of development. The issue is that they don't have the foggiest idea whether they ought to grow or sit tight. On the off chance that they do grow how are they going to incorporate their business. Are they going to do carefully discount or discount and retail. 5. Why have the issue (s) you refer to developed? Distinguish the causal chain (the occasions or conditions that caused the issue Some will be Internal Weaknesses, others EXTERNAL Threats). This principle issue has happened in light of the fact that they are at present situated in a retail facade that isn't satisfactory to give the requirements of all their likely clients. The primary shortcoming here is that they are in a terrible area for progression. In their present area they are finishing the entirety of the requests that they can. 6. What are the qualities of the business that the organization is in and how is the business changing after some time? When Amy’s Bread first open bread heating was a development industry. The U. S Department of Commerce detailed there was a 12 percent expansion in the utilization of strength breads per capita. This industry is likewise hard to get into there are a lot of company’s that as of now have been working with cafés for quite a while. The other issue with the business is that since it was a development period numerous new pastry specialists were attempting to enter it and win a name for them. So the calculation for clients is high in the business and just developing progressively serious. 7. What is the firm’s methodology for separation, empowering them to contend inside the setting of their industry? Amy had an unmistakable objective she needed to be celebrated for making an extraordinary item and for making a decent work environment. Amy’s item itself was diverse in light of the fact that she set the best expectations on her quality. They additionally don't utilize any machines in the forming of their bread. Each heap of bread was hand made and formed which was the reason her finance was so high yet it set her breads apart from the normal shop. 8. What are potential answers for the issues you have recognized? Potential answers for her emergency on where to go or shrink to move at all are one she was unable to move and be fulfilled where she is. The subsequent choice is she could move to a structure that she would have the option to deliver a lot of discount products at and not focus on retail merchandise. The third choice is she could move to a significantly greater spot where she could sell retail item and still address her issues for discount. 9. What are the focal points and potential burdens of your solution(s)? On the off chance that she remains pat, at that point she will have the option to turn a peripheral benefit and address the issues of her present clients. The inconveniences would be that she would then pass up chance to offer to all the clients that she has on her holding up rundown and her retail business would not be any greater. In subsequent choice they would have the option to meet all her discount needs. The impediments would be that she was unable to sell retail clients any more and she would be paying more for the property. In the third choice she would have the option to sell both retail and discount. She would be in a recently growing retail advertise with access to pedestrian activity. She would likewise have the option to meet all her entire deal needs. To finish it off she would have the option to plan the format of the structure to accommodate her accurate needs. The drawbacks of this are it is over the top expensive. She would get everything that she is searching for however at a considerably more significant expense then the other two choices. 10. Are there any potential issues with your proposed proposals? What possibilities should be suited? My suggestion is pick the third alternative. It is the most costly however Amy has just exhibited that she has a sharp business disapproved and can construct business and advance it. The retail space will help spread the news of how great her bread really is and informal exchange is the best notice they could have. The most concerning issue that they could have is in the event that they begin to free clients. A subsequent issue would be if the market starts to move away from the desires of bread. Or on the other hand another issue could be that they essentially don't add enough clients to have the option to bear the cost of the new space. Contextual Analysis Narrative Format Case title: Amy’s Bread Student: Nicholas Mustico Date: 3-18-2013 Course: Management Principles Firm Overview and Introduction to the Case (Use this and all headings in your account) In this first area of the story, you will give a short portrayal of the case subject firm and conditions for your peruser. YOU are the master. Your investigation is dependent on the way that you’ve read the case at any rate three For the situation investigation of Amy’s bread you get a total review of the organization. It examines where they began how they began and the experience that the proprietor Amy Scherber has. Amy Scherber is the focal point of the organization she is the organizer, proprietor, supervisor, and lead dough puncher/gourmet expert for Amy’s bread. Amy is additionally the principle individual responsible for the company’s funds and business conversations. Amy is presently confronting the issue of shrivel or not she will extend her organization. She has had the option to settle in her business in the extreme business of preparing breads. This is a business that is completive and difficult to build up yourself in. Since she has become set up she needs to choose wilt she might want to grow to satisfy consumer’s needs or stay where she is and be content with what she has achieved. Interior points of view (Use this and all headings in your account) This segment of your story is utilized to disclose to your peruser the inward, real data about the case subject association and the issues you’ve distinguished. Moreover, in this segment you have to portray the causal chain. How did the issue emerge? What caused it? The issue for this situation would not be an issue if the organization had not gotten as effective as it has. In the event that the organization had not gotten so mainstream, at that point the little customer facing facade that she had initially requested could never have become an issue. They became mainstream however and now they need to acclimate to what they might want to turn into. Nobody knows whether she had chosen a bigger site on the off chance that she would have ever had the option to make herself go yet in the event that she had, at that point this issue may never have happened. Her organization presently is at a point where they can't fulfill one extra client because of space tightening influences. Amy’s issue is a hard one to settle on however for an organization it is a decent spot to be in on the off chance that you have an excessive amount of expected business. It is in every case better to have an excessive amount of chance then excessively little. * External points of view (Use this and all headings in your account) In this area you will depict the qualities of the business where the subject association works. Distinguish any progressions after some time, which you accept add to the issues you’ve recognized. Has the Firm’s Strategy for separation inside their industry caused, Added to or exacerbated the issues you’ve recognized? Amy’s bread is in a mind boggling and troublesome industry to work in. She is in a field that has been â€Å"well cultivated. † What I mean by that will be that there have just been individuals there doing what she is attempting to do. The business she is attempting to offer to except if they are more current then her have all previously set up somebody to satisfy their need. She at that point would need to show these organizations that she is that vastly improved then her calculation that they have just utilized. Amy’s technique for separation is essentially being better then the calculation. She is endeavoring to have the best, freshest, and most inventive bread determination. She had made it a point that she won't penance quality for whatever else including benefit. Amy was fortunate, or savvy enough to enter the sponsorship business when it was on the ascent. Utilization of grains had quite recently started to rise when Amy entered the business. The U. S Department of Commerce announced there was a 12 percent expansion in the utilization of claim to fame breads per capita. This industry is likewise exceptionally intense to get into there are a lot of company’s that as of now have been working with eateries for quite a while. The other issue with the business is that since it was a development period numerous new bread cooks were attempting to enter it and gain a name for them. So the calculation for clients is high in the business and just developing progressively serious. This fundamental issue has happened in light of the fact that they are at present situated in a retail facade that isn't sufficient to give the requirements of all their possible clients. The principle shortcoming here is that they are in a terrible area for headway. In their present area they are finishing the entirety of the requests that they can. On the other hand this isn't an issue that most business would not need. Arrangements (Use this and a

Essay --

Despite the fact that hereditarily adjusted living beings were made to develop more food there are negative perspectives to these sorts of harvests that are hurtful to people and creatures. In this manner GMO’s ought to be concentrated more on the grounds that there are certain effects however destructive reactions. Hereditarily altered living beings is a life form whose hereditary material has been changed utilizing hereditary building methods. Living beings that have been hereditarily altered incorporate microorganisms, for example, microbes and yeast, creepy crawlies, plants, fish, and warm blooded animals. GMO’s are the wellspring of hereditarily changed nourishments, and are likewise generally utilized in logical research and to create merchandise other than food. Some negative effects of GMO’s are the ascent in immune system ailments, harmful impacts, sensitivity dangers, budgetary effects, and cross fertilization or sullying. The ascent in immune system infections, barrenness, and constant illnesses might be related with the presentation of hereditarily altered nourishments. The American foundation of ecological medication, consider the job of hereditarily adjusted nourishments in the countries wellbeing emergency, and encourage their patients to maintain a strategic distance from all hereditarily changed food sources at whatever point conceivable. Hereditarily adjusted nourishments additionally share certain poisonous impacts on the liver, pancreas, kidneys, and conceptive framework that may cause malignancy in these organs. The broad utilization of recombinant hormones-a hereditarily adjusted substance-in the agribusiness business is related in IGF-1, a development hormone that, in overabundance can prompt malignancy. GMO nourishments have numerous hypersensitivity dangers to individuals. Hereditary change regularly blends or adds proteins that aren’t local to the first plant or creature, causing new unfavorably susceptible responses in the body. Adjusting plants hereditarily frames infections, microbes, and othe... ... inside and the plant specialist controls the season. It is likewise an extraordinary method to spend healthy, quality time with your family. Taking everything into account, there are numerous options as opposed to utilizing GMO. There might be numerous positive effects of hereditarily adjusted nourishments however there are much progressively negative, unsafe reactions and outcomes when making, eating, or utilizing gmo food sources. Gmo’s don't just influence the strength of the human populace yet it likewise influences nature around us. Nature has it’s own regular cycle and hereditarily altered living beings diserupt the normal cycle. Executing one innocuous types of creepy crawlies may appear to be inconsequential yet it upsets the natural way of life and creatures or species that depend on them will cease to exist thus will the rest up the evolved way of life. Researchers should concentrate more on the GMO’s so the negatives transform into positives so it doesn’t influence individuals so much or by any stretch of the imagination.

Free Essays on Actual Innocence

A Review of â€Å"Actual Innocence.† â€Å"Actual Innocence† by Barry Scheck, Peter Neufeld, and Jim Dwyer is a remarkably ground-breaking story of customary individuals detained for violations they didn't submit. Most think something like this would never transpire, however shockingly it has happened to many. In this nation, the United States of America, the administration guarantees all individuals are honest till demonstrated blameworthy. This book clarifies that the criminal equity framework liberates detainees who are later demonstrated guiltless, however simply after a protracted lawful procedure. Much following quite a while of detainment, numerous preliminary appointed authorities express that genuine honesty isn't justification for discharge from jail! The prelude starts with the sickening instance of Dennis Fritz being captured, indicted and going through eleven years in jail for an assault he didn't submit. It is demonstrated through DNA tests that sixty-seven individuals were sent to jail and death row for violations they didn't submit. It likewise expresses that numerous nearby examiners contend that as a convict, one may plan to demonstrate his guiltlessness, however he has no outright option to do as such after a preliminary (Scheck, Neufeld, and Dwyer, 18). In Chapter One, the instance of Marion Coakley is talked about. He was condemned to fifteen years for an assault that he didn't submit. It quickly depicts his experience, the case, and preliminary in which he was sentenced. He was somewhat intellectually impeded and was mixed up to be the attacker, distinguished by an onlooker. Part two talks about an innovation called PCR. It is alluded to as the â€Å"DNA unique mark test (pg.36).† This revelation could be utilized in criminal examinations to demonstrate the liable crook. It clarifies how before PCR, the most refined approach to recognize a suspect was by blood composing. Sadly this procedure didn't work for Marion Coakley because of the way that microbes had consumed the DNA, which is an a lot littler atom than blood. Part three plate... Free Essays on Actual Innocence Free Essays on Actual Innocence A Review of â€Å"Actual Innocence.† â€Å"Actual Innocence† by Barry Scheck, Peter Neufeld, and Jim Dwyer is a remarkably ground-breaking story of customary individuals imprisoned for violations they didn't submit. Most think something like this would never transpire, however shockingly it has happened to many. In this nation, the United States of America, the administration asserts all individuals are honest till demonstrated blameworthy. This book clarifies that the criminal equity framework liberates detainees who are later demonstrated honest, yet simply after an extensive lawful procedure. Much following quite a while of detainment, numerous preliminary adjudicators express that real blamelessness isn't reason for discharge from jail! The prelude starts with the alarming instance of Dennis Fritz being captured, indicted and going through eleven years in jail for an assault he didn't submit. It is demonstrated through DNA tests that sixty-seven individuals were sent to jail and death row for violations they didn't submit. It likewise expresses that numerous nearby examiners contend that as a convict, one may plan to demonstrate his honesty, yet he has no outright option to do as such after a preliminary (Scheck, Neufeld, and Dwyer, 18). In Chapter One, the instance of Marion Coakley is examined. He was condemned to fifteen years for an assault that he didn't submit. It quickly portrays his experience, the case, and preliminary in which he was indicted. He was marginally intellectually impeded and was mixed up to be the attacker, recognized by an observer. Section two talks about a creation called PCR. It is alluded to as the â€Å"DNA unique finger impression test (pg.36).† This disclosure could be utilized in criminal examinations to demonstrate the liable crook. It clarifies how before PCR, the most complex approach to recognize a suspect was by blood composing. Lamentably this strategy didn't work for Marion Coakley because of the way that microorganisms had consumed the DNA, which is an a lot littler atom than blood. Section three circle...

How to Make and Publish a Cookbook in 9 Easy Steps

Whether you want to turn your own recipes into a cookbook as a family keepsake, or work with a publisher to get the most viral recipes from your blog onto paper and into bookstores, making a cookbook is often a fun but work-intensive process.

Critique Essay Cosmetic Surgery and Individual Identity

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Susman wrote an a rticle called Personality and the Making of Twentieth Century Culture. This referred to the American society and the overall views of what type of appearance is acceptable. A third expert Haiken refers to is David Thomasma who wrote The Goals of Medicine and Society. This article discussed the surgeons point of view on the procedure of many surgery options as well as common motives behind the patients they perform the procedures on. Haikens article appeals to our value system because she discusses the sad reality of the harsh judgmental modern society we live in. In the introduction she acknowledges the surgeons sympathy to his patient, but he will not openly confess his confusion to her in person, she he confides in his nurse. She also addresses the assumptions that rest on a complex web of beliefs about what is good, desirable, and aesthetically pleasing concerning standards of beauty. 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Feasibility Analysis A Project Decision Making - 1143 Words

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Case Study Business Law and Ethics

Question: Discuss about theCase Study for Business Law and Ethics. Answer: Introduction The digital era has led to everything being posted over the social media accounts and shared with the world openly. In the corporate world, the use of social media is becoming a common phenomenon. Each and every company is using the social media as a platform to advertise themselves, and the social media is being used as a medium of attaining the various goals, like the attainment and detainment of customers, clients and the employees. Moreover, to promote the companies and the activities they are indulged in, social media is being used as the top medium (Neti, 2011). The increase in the use of social media in the workplace has led a number of companies in formulation of social media policies, to control what is being posted by their employees and to keep such posts regulated. Though, this highlights the need to look at the other aspect of this. In other words, the posts over the internet by the employer also have to be regulated (Wu, 2017). And being an employer, a mere compliance of the social media policy is not sufficient (Law360, 2017). So, the laws, as well as, the ethical principles have to be followed by the employer, while being present on the social media. Posting on social media, has at times led to a violation of privacy law, in addition to cases being raised for libel, defamation, harassment and breach of contract (PT, 2010). So, each and everything which is posted over the internet, can give rise to a legal claim. However, there are various defenses which can be opted for in such cases, for instance, posting the photos of a public event do not violate the privacy norms, unless specifically prohibited (Boris, 2017). So, the circumstances of each case decide the validity of the claims being raised and the possible legal actions. In the following parts, the possible actions which can be initiated against Chris and Mohammad (CB) by Jenny or the other parties, due to their post on social media, have been highlighted. The key legal issues in this case relate to whether or not a claim can be raised for Jenny or any other party against CB for posting their picture over the social media, under the applicable laws. The Federal Court of Australia in the legal matter of Commonwealth Bank of Australia v Barker [2013] FCAFC 83 stated that in the employment contracts in Australia, there is an implied term of mutual trust and confidence (Macpherson, 2017). This judgment was in line with the presence of this very implied condition in the employment contracts in the United Kingdom, as was highlighted in the landmark case of Malik and Mahmud v Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA [1997] UKHL 23 (Swarb, 2015). This judgment by the Federal Court confirmed that the employers had to act in a reasonable and fair manner, in their dealings with their employees (Pearson and Allen, 2008). After a comprehensive review of the Australian and English law, the Supreme Court of South Australia concluded in the case of Mcdonald v State of South Australia [2008] SASC 134 that mutual trust, as well as, confidence was a part of the employment contracts drawn under the Australian law and these aspects have to be implied in all the cases (Mondaq, 2008). However, when an appeal was made to the High Court in Commonwealth Bank of Australia v Barker, the court did not agree with the existence of this implied duty. The judgment given in this case is quite crucial and of great worth to the employers as the claims which are undefined and uncertain and brought forward by the employees citing the conduct of the employer as seriously destroying or damaging the employer-employee relationship, could be given away with. And so, the employment relationships were limited to the defined terms of contract law, the applicable legislations and the express terms of the contract (Pearson and Allen, 2008). In the given case study, CB were the employer of Jenny. As per the case of Mcdonald v State of South Australia and the earlier judgment given in the case of Commonwealth Bank of Australia v Barker, provided that it was an implied duty of the employer and as per this implied duty, mutual trust and confidence had to be ensured. As per this, the photograph of Jenny should not have been put over the internet without her express permission. But, the later ruling in Commonwealth Bank of Australia v Barker, clarified the limits of such a duty. None of these limitations applied in this case. So, Jenny cannot claim against CB on the basis of breach of implied duty. The Privacy Act, 1988 is the key piece of legislation governing the privacy norms in Australia. This act regulates the manner in which the personal information of the individuals is handled (Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, 2017a). But the laws regarding the protection of a right to the personal privacy of the individuals is complicated. And the protection is entirely dependent on the particular circumstances under which the private information of the individual was revealed. As per the privacy laws, there is no general right of privacy, and as a result of this, the consent of the individual is not required for taking or recoding the image. In case a photo of a person is taken at a public place and is posted online, no legal action can be taken. An action, in such case, can only be taken, if there was a prohibition of taking the pictures at such a public place, and that too can only be initiated by the authorities, owners or representatives of such public place. Even when the photo is taken when the individual was at a private party, but from a person at public location, the privacy law offers no protection (Law Stuff, 2015a). There are circumstances where the image of the individual could be treated as personal information, and the publication of the same would result in the breach of this act (Australian Law Reform Commission, 2017). So, if the identity of the individual is clear in the photograph, or if it can be reasonably worked out from the image, then the image can be treated as personal information. Moreover, if such information contains sensitive information, for instance the race or ethnicity of the individual, then too it is deemed as personal information (Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, 2017b). In order for a claim to be raised for a violation of the Privacy Act, the social networking site has to be covered under this act. Only the organizations having a link in Australia, through business presence or carrying business in the country, could be covered under this act. So, if any social networking site is based in some other nation, and fails to have Australian presence, then the act would not provide any rights. Also, the individuals acting in personal capacity are not covered under this act (Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, 2017b). Facebook and Twitter, along with the majority of the other social networking sites are based in the United States, and a required business presence lacks in these sites, as a result of which, these social networking sites are not generally subjected to the Australian privacy law (Stewart, 2016). Applying the privacy law in the given case study, Jenny could not initiate actions against CB when they acted in their personal capacity. CB were not asked to post anything by anyone, and to promote their own company, they posted a number of photos for their company Ecohouse and for University of Canberra. Moreover, the post was not such which could necessitate its applicability over these two. Since they acted in their personal capacity, the act is not applicable on them. So, an action against CB by Jenny, for the breach of privacy act, would not be successful. Since these photos were posted on the Facebook page of Ecohouse and University of Canberra, Jenny could initiate claims against these two. But, the privacy act only covers the organizations having a business presence in Australia. And as Facebook is an America based nation, it is not covered under the act. Due to this reason, the actions, if brought against Ecohouse and University of Canberra by Jenny, would fail due to the lack of applicability of the Privacy Act on Facebook. Presently, there is no common law tort for the invasion of privacy in Australia. This is even when the possibility of development of such a law was help openly in the case of Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd [2001] 208 CLR 199 (High Court of Australia, 2017). Though, in the case of Dye v Commonwealth Securities Ltd [2010] FCA 720, Katzmann highlighted that due to this, a person cannot be denied from initiating a claim of breach of privacy against another, just because of the present state of the common law (Jade, 2010). Even though these is no general right for the privacy, a protection is offered with regards to the equitable action for a breach of confidence. When a trust of a person is broke, by undertaking actions, which violate the trust and confidence of the other person, and which results in emotional distress, an action can be brought against the breaching party, for such breach of confidence resulting in mental agony (Australian Law Reform Commi ssion, 2017). In Giller v Procopets [2008] 24 VR 1, the plaintiff was awarded damages for the distress, due to the beach of confidence as a result of misuse of private information (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2008). However, in Maynes v Casey [2011] NSWCA 156, the trial judge viewed that the conduct of defendant was not undue or a serious invasion to a right of privacy held by the plaintiff, or to be very offensive for a prudent person with common sensibility. Basten J, referred to the cases of Giller v Procopets and Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd, and stated that such cases would sow the seeds for the development of liability for the personal privacys unjustifiable intrusion, whether or not the breach of confidence was involved, even when they have the judgment against the plaintiff (Simpsons, 2013). Hall J, in the legal matter, put before the Supreme Court of New South Wales, of Saad v Chubb Security Australia Pty Ltd [2012] NSWSC 1183, provided his decision in a case which was brought forward against the employer, in addition to the security firm, which was engaged in the monitoring of the workplace, by the plaintiff, being an employee. The CCTV images of the employee by some employee or former employee of the security firm at the Facebook page. The judge in this case out rightly refused to close or strike out the case made for the breach of confidence. This was because in the view of the judge, at the stage of proceedings, it could not be proved that cause of action made for the breach of confidence on the basis of the invasion of privacy of the privacy, was bad law or futile (Australian Law Reform Commission, 2017). In this very case, Kelly J stated that the ratio decidendi given in the case of Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd, dictates the necessity of further development of the law, in order to recognize the presence of tort of privacy in the nation. In one of the recent cases of Doe v Yahoo! 7 Pty Ltd [2013] QDC 181, Smith DCJ opined that an arguable case of the invasion of privacy was present in this case. As a result of which he was hesitant in striking out the case of action, as the law was unclear and still developing (Supreme Court Library, 2013). In the case of Jenny, her photograph was taken and posted over Facebook. For this, Jenny can initiate claims of breach of confidence due to invasion of privacy. Her photographs were taken and posted over the social networking site without her permission. Even though there is no explicit law at the present time, to provide protection to Jenny in this case, but the cited case laws highlight that breach of confidence due to privacy violation can be claimed upon. And the aggrieved party in such cases can apply to the court for damages. Moreover, as was established by the judge in the case of Saad v Chubb Security Australia Pty Ltd, Facebook photo was a breach of confidence. And so, with a specific emphasis to this case, a case can be made by Jenny. These claims are to be brought against CB, and even against Ecohouse and University of Canberra, as all these parties violated the privacy of Jenny by allowing the photo to be posted online. And by acting as a medium for such post, as the photo was uploaded by CB for both Ecohouse and University of Canberra. And so, the absence of explicit legations in this regard acts as an advantage for Jenny. Another claim which can arise due to a post over the social networking site relates to defamation (Find Law, 2017). Defamation takes place when something untrue about the other person or something which can unfairly tarnish the reputation of such other person, is said or written. So, if a person posts something over the social networking sites, which is materially untrue and which has a result of tarnishing of the reputation of such person, then the person posting such content, can be sued for defamation (Law Stuff, 2015b). In Australia, the Uniform Defamation Laws Reform 2006 is the applicable law for cases to be initiated for defamation (Huan, 2006). So, in case a communication occurs from one person to another, which has the ability of harming or tarnishing the reputation of a third person, then defamation claim can be initiated by the person whose image was tarnished. In order for a claim for defamation to be successful, the plaintiff has to establish three things, i.e., the communication was published to a third party, that in such a communication, the plaintiff can be easily identified, and that such a communication was defamatory. In general, a company cannot sue any party for defamation. Though, if such a company is a not-for-profit organization or employs fewer than ten individuals, and is not a public body or related to another company, then the company can sue for defamation (Doctor, 2007). There is a cap over the damages that can be claimed for a non-economic loss, to the amount of $250,000. However, if the court is of the view that the circumstances of the case, in which the matter was published, demand damages to be paid in excess of the capped limit, then the plaintiff can be awarded aggravated damages. Such aggravated damages are not awarded with an intention of punishing the publisher, but act as an extra compensation for the plaintiff due to the injury to the reputation of the plaintiff, especially where the conduct of the publisher was reprehensible (Pearson, 2007). In the given case, Jenny cannot initiate an action for defamation against CB. This is because defamation can only be claimed for a written communication and not a photograph. Even though she is angry and humiliated, a claim for defamation would not stand here, due to the lack of applicability of the Uniform Defamation Laws Reform in her case. Moreover, the post was not derogatory or something which could tarnish her image, and hence, a defamation case against CB by Jenny would not stand. On the other hand, a defamation case can be raised in this case, not by Jenny, but by CB, against ANU due to their post on twitter. In that tweet, ANU vented out their displeasure by using abusive words for Chris. And in another tweet, ANU questioned the ability of the company of CB, Ecohouse, along with naming both CB, regarding the construction of a teaching facility. This tweet was not only derogatory in nature for the company, but for both CB, as it was a direct question and insult over their reputation. So, here three cases can be initiated, one by Chris, for the first tweet, which showed an abuse by ANU over a public forum. For such an insult, which defamed Chris, he can initiate actions and claim for damages. The second case has to be initiated by CB as a result of the second tweet which harmed their reputation. ANU had no base for making such a statement and this baseless allegation opens the channel gates for a claim against them. The third and last claim has to be made by Ecohouse. Even though the companies are prohibited from making a deflation claim, but as the number of employees in Echohouse is just two, i.e., CB, the Uniform Defamation Laws Reform is applicable over them. And as a result of this, they can initiate actions against ANU and claim for damages. Furthermore, these tweets were repetitive and their nature necessitates the requirement of a claim for aggravated damages to be made. This can also be done by combining the three cases, to show the negated impact of such a tweet over Chris, Mohammad and Echohouse. On the basis of above analysis, it is advised to CB that in case Jenny initiates a case against them on the basis of implied term of mutual trust and confidence in the employment contract would not be successful. In case such a case is made, CB can cite the late ruling given in Commonwealth Bank of Australia v Barker, which invalidated this implied term. In case Jenny initiates a claim against them for breach of privacy law, they can establish that they are not covered under the act and that the circumstances did not necessitate their inclusion in the act. And even her claims against Ecohouse and University of Canberra would not stand, due to lack of business presence. In case a case is initiated by Jenny, they both can take help of the above quoted rule to safeguard them. However, if a claim is initiated by Jenny for breach of confidence due to invasion of privacy, CB would be held liable due to the cited cases. And they would have to pay the damages claimed by Jenny for such a breach. Lastly, it is advised to CB to initiate defamatory case against ANU and claim damages for the injury to their reputation. References Stewart, T. (2016) Do privacy laws protect social media users?. [Online] Upstart. Available from: https://www.upstart.net.au/do-australias-privacy-laws-adequately-protect-social-media-users/ [Accessed at: 16/02/17] Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2008) Giller v Procopets [2008] VSCA 236 (10 December 2008). [Online] Australasian Legal Information Institute. 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